Wednesday, December 21, 2011

Jakub Jan Ryba's Czech Christmas Mass in Chicago

On Saturday, December 17, Jakub Jan Ryba's Czech Christmas Mass was performed for the first time ever in Chicago.



The performance was organized by The Chicago Prague Sister Cities Committee, The Consulate General of the Czech Republic in Chicago and The First United Methodist Church at the Chicago Temple.

The choir singing the mass consisted of regular choristers from the Chicago Temple and individuals from Chicago's Czech community, with members of the city's United Moravian Societies particularly well represented.


United Moravians in kroj bring flowers to performers
Photo: Michal Tauvinkl

To hear how the mass sounded, and to find out more about how the audience reacted to the piece, click here to listen to a radio feature recorded at the Chicago Temple.

Wednesday, December 14, 2011

Oral History Transcripts Online


Stalin Monument in Letná park prior to its destruction in 1962

This fall semester, George Mason University History and New Media student Misha M. Griffith has been working to transcribe a number of the interviews gathered by Recording Voices & Documenting Memories so far. To mark the publication of the first interview transcript on Otomar Hájek's profile page, here is a previously unbroadcast snippet from his interview which caught our eye at the NCSML:

"I was a member of the first university workers’, no… students’ brigade to build the Stalin statue!"

You worked on building it?

"Well, yes. We went there and we played cards all day; we managed to do it. And when they were taking it down, I wanted to volunteer to be in the first students’ brigade to take down the statue, but my mother talked me out of it."

...The statue was built in ’52, wasn't it?

"I don't remember. My memory of the time is… I don’t remember... I was still at the university. I was at the university from ’49 until ’53. It must have been built in ’52, or begun to be built. It took a long time."

Could you describe for me the process? That’s such a monster statue. I’m just curious about what the whole engineering setup was like there, and how it was done. How was it organized?

"The statue itself was called the 'food line,' which looked as if a line of people - okay, I don’t have to describe that. The foundations were therefore elongated, and since it was supposed to be solid stone, the foundation had to be extremely solid. An extra railway line was built from the nearest spur to bring in these stones, [each] of a size roughly two yards cubic. And unloaded there and then transported. Some of the sculptural work was carried out in the original situation, and then some of it was finished here."

Was it a big group of people, or how many... Were there hundreds of people?

"There were hundreds of people. There were hundreds of people. The most interesting thing is that the builder, the artist who conceived it, committed suicide immediately afterwards."

Upon graduating from Charles University in 1953 (and waving goodbye to student labor brigades), Otomar worked in a range of research positions, including one at a computer science facility in Prague:



For Otomar Hájek's complete profile (and now the full transcript of his interview as well) visit the NCSML's oral history web pages.

Thursday, December 1, 2011

Recording Voices & Documenting Memories in Toronto, November 2011

This November, the NCSML was invited to Toronto to present Recording Voices & Documenting Memories. Never ones to pass up on a good recording opportunity, we met a number of Czechs and Slovaks who immigrated to Canada over the past 60+ years whilst we were in town. As ever, look to our web pages for excerpts from the interviews over the next couple of weeks. Here is a fraction of the interesting photos and other archival documents which our interviewees shared with us when we visited their homes:


Czech ball, Montreal - photo courtesy of George Heller

George Heller came to Canada with his parents shortly after the Communist coup in 1948. The family settled in Montreal. The photo above shows George’s parents (on the far right) at the city's yearly Czech & Slovak ball, which he says was the émigré community’s annual social highlight.


Photo of George Heller's father, Havlickuv Brod, 1948

Prior to leaving Czechoslovakia, George’s father was a baker. In this photo from 1948, George’s father is shown taking part in a parade in Havlickuv Brod representing the bakery he worked for at the time, named Rozvoj (meaning progress or development in Czech). Along the side of the truck are both Czech and Soviet flags and a caption which reads “sixty-nine wagons of bread baked in 1947 – 4,650,000 bakery items.”


George (in the blue coat on the right) with Queen Elizabeth II, 1994

When George was 18, he answered an advert posted by the Hudson’s Bay Company recruiting fur traders to work in Canada’s Northern Territories. He enjoyed tremendous success at this job and, after a number of promotions and some time spent in other firms, rose to the position of president and CEO of The Bay. He took some time off from this job to organize the 1994 Commonwealth Games, which were held in Vancouver. In the photo above, George is watching the Games’ opening ceremony with Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh.


Dagmar Benedik with fellow members of the swim team, Kladno

Dagmar Benedik left Czechoslovakia with her family in 1968. Prior to emigration, she attended junior and senior high school in Kladno, where her father was coach of the junior hockey team, and enjoyed swimming competitively for the city, as evidenced by the photo above, in which Dagmar can be seen on the top left.


Envelope containing correspondence from Dagmar's pen pal

Following her interview with Recording Voices & Documenting Memories, Dagmar shared a number of interesting documents with the NCSML, including this envelope which she received from her pen pal in the Soviet Union in the 1960s. Dagmar says that Czech and Slovak schoolchildren would often write to a peer in the Soviet Union as part of their Russian language training at this time. This particular letter came encased in an envelope commemorating February 23 - Soviet Army Day.


Milos Krajny upon arrival in Canada beside Professor Julius Axelrod (left)

Milos Krajny also came to Canada in 1968 to work in Quebec as a medical doctor. He subsequently moved to Toronto where he opened his own practice and, among other achievements, became the president of the Toronto Philharmonic. Dr. Krajny is extremely active in the Czech community in Toronto and organizes a series of classical music performances called Nocturnes in the City, about which more details can be found here.

Excerpts from all three of these interviews and more will be posted to www.ncsml.org over the weeks to come.

Wednesday, November 23, 2011

The Slovak Canadian Heritage Museum in Oshawa, November 2011



The Slovak Canadian Heritage Museum (SCHM) opened in Oshawa in 2010 with the aim of making audiences ‘aware of Slovak heritage in Canada through the exhibition of heritage artifacts.’ The museum (which had previously been located in Markham, a town to the West of Toronto with a long history of Slovak settlement) opened in Oshawa in a former furniture store, originally belonging to a Mr Michna, a Slovak immigrant who came to Canada in 1924. Of the new location (about 30 minutes to the East of Toronto), museum director Margaret Dvorsky says “it’s a good place to start, the city fathers are happy we are here.”


Museum president Margaret Dvorsky and Jaromir Lukac at the SCHM



Visitors to the museum can try their hand at weaving and a number of other traditional needle crafts. On display are items of bobbin lace, embroidered folk costumes (kroje) and fabrics which have been traditionally printed using wax and indigo dye.


Some of the textiles on display at the SCHM

As well as running the museum itself, Margaret, Jaromir, and other members of the SCHM committee organize an annual Slovak Heritage Festival. They packed Recording Voices & Documenting Memories off with a copy of the very first program for the Slovak Heritage Festival in 2004, which included a bilingual Slovak-English map of the festival site in Markham, ON:


Extracts from the first Slovak Heritage Festival program, 2004

More information about the Slovak Canadian Heritage Museum (including a number of particularly lovely photo galleries) can be found on the organization’s website, at http://www.schm.ca/. The museum is staffed by a corps of volunteers and open from Tuesday through Sunday at 485 Ritson Road, Oshawa, Ontario L1H 5K1.

Wednesday, November 9, 2011

Recording Voices and Documenting Memories in New York City, November 2011

The National Czech & Slovak Museum & Library’s oral history project is coming to New York City. Over the next two years, the NCSML will record the oral histories of 50 Czech & Slovak Cold War-era émigrés, and 25 newer immigrants from the Czech and Slovak Republics who settled in New York after 1989.

The NCSML made a first recording trip to New York City this November. As ever, watch our website for biographical profiles and video clips over the weeks to come. Here though, is a preview of some of the materials we gathered:


Ivana Edwards in her home in New York City, November 2011

Ivana Edwards left Czechoslovakia with her family in 1948. She settled first in Israel and then Canada before coming to the United States to study. This is a snapshot from her first visit back to Prague in the 1960s. Ivana says that she had her hair done specially for the occasion, which is evidenced by this photo:


A well-coiffed Ivana Edwards with her grandmother in Prague

Gabriel Levicky came to New York City from Bratislava in 1979. This was the second time he had left Czechoslovakia, having emigrated to Israel following the Warsaw Pact invasion in 1968 (he then decided to return to Czechoslovakia as part of an amnesty one year later).


Gabriel Levicky, New York City, 2011

Today, Gabriel works as a translator, tour guide and cartoonist. A book of his work, entitled Pardon Me, Which Way to Heaven or Hell; Whatever? was published by the New York Chapter of the Czechoslovak Society of Arts and Sciences (SVU) in 2010.


Cartoon drawn by Gabriel Levicky in Prague, 1990

Tomas Hadl arrived in the United States more than a decade after the Velvet Revolution in 1989. He lived first in Washington, D.C., where he worked as a life-guard, before moving to New York City and starting out as a waiter. Today, he is the manager of the Bohemian Benevolent and Literary Association (BBLA), which is based in New York’s Bohemian National Hall.


Tomas Hadl at the Bohemian National Hall, New York City, 2011

Watch our web pages for excerpts from these interviews (and more) over the weeks to come.

Monday, October 31, 2011

Czech & Slovak Family Restaurants



In the course of working on Recording Voices & Documenting Memories, food has been an important theme, and a good number of the people the National Czech & Slovak Museum & Library has spoken to have owned their own family restaurant, either here in the United States or in Europe prior to their departure.

Dusan Ciran’s stepfather, Emil Sarvady, owned a restaurant in the town of Senica, Western Slovakia, in the run up to WWII (the restaurant in question is pictured above, in more recent times). In this clip from Dusan’s interview with Recording Voices & Documenting Memories, he recalls serving German soldiers there during the War:



Robert Dobson, meanwhile, worked as a waiter (as well as a hair model) in Prague in the 1970s. When he came to Chicago with his family in 1984, he started working as a bartender in the city before buying Pilsner Restaurant in Berwyn three years later. He and his family ran the establishment for the next 13 years. In this clip from his interview, Robert remembers the most popular items on the menu:



Today, Robert runs a remodeling and construction firm based in Bolingbrook, Illinois.



Josef Tousek was a waiter and hotelier in Czechoslovakia before he came to Chicago in 1981. After working at Ciel Bleu French Restaurant in Chicago’s Mayfair Hotel for some years, he set up his own Alpine Banquet House, which now has two branches in the Greater Chicago Area. He shared photos of his restaurant on Roosevelt Road before and after reconstruction with Recording Voices & Documenting Memories:


Photos of Alpine Banquet House before and after renovation

Ales Vesely came to the United States in 1983. Today he works as a barman in Chicago’s Klas Czech Restaurant (where this photograph was taken):



Of Klas Restaurant and the neighborhood, Cicero, in which it is found, Ales says: “…It used to be all Czech over here. I remember we’d drive down Cermak Avenue and there would be Czech butcher shops, a bakery, other restaurants, Czech bars, even Polish places. And now you drive down Cermak Avenue and pretty much it’s all Spanish. This is the last Mohican on Cermak Road. I love this place, it’s very unique."

Thursday, October 20, 2011

Oral History Interviewer, Igor Mikolaska



In late 2010, Slovak-born Igor Mikolaska began working on the Recording Voices & Documenting Memories project as a field interviewer in Chicago. One year and around 30 interviews later, the NCSML asked him a couple of questions about what he had learned through his participation in the project:

“Since I started work on the oral history project I have learned to appreciate the society we live in now. I have realized that people cannot be caged in their opinions and in where they live, since they always strive for freedom. It is a universal law of life and everybody gravitates towards it.”

Which are your favorite and least favorite parts of the job?

“Recording memories that otherwise might be lost is an exciting part of the job and there is a lot to be learned from older generations. Many times I’ve found myself wondering how they were able to find the strength, courage, and amazing tolerance required to go through such a difficult process of creating a new life. On the other hand, getting to where you are actually sitting in front of that person isn’t easy. People find themselves reluctant to open closed chapters of their life, so as not to suffer again.”

Which has been your favorite interview to record and why?

“Vladimir Krman has an amazing story that could be in a Hollywood movie. Three friends meet in a dance hall in Bratislava and orchestrate an extremely difficult escape out of the country. The fact they escaped in an airplane is truly spectacular…



“...Their road to freedom was not an easy one, but I guess they took a shortcut through the sky.”

What is, in your opinion, the importance of oral history projects such as Recording Voices & Documenting Memories?

“I would have been very grateful if somebody had recorded an interview with my grandparents. The stories they told are gone with time and I am left with just a vague image of the life of my grandparents. At the time I did not think of taking a pencil and scribbling down their amazing past adventures and they are lost now. Through documenting the past we can understand better the future and can learn aspects of history that have never been told to anyone. We record stories that otherwise could be lost.”

In which ways do you hope the project develops over the next two years?

“I hope that the oral history project can be used also for educational purposes and as an inspiration to future storytellers. I hope that people will take more interest in the lives of their relatives. I hope that though the project people will also appreciate present times more since this turbulent past is behind us.”

The NCSML has just started recording the oral histories of Czechs and Slovaks, such as Igor, who came to the United States following the fall of Communism in 1989. Watch our website over the coming days to see excerpts from Igor’s interview with Recording Voices & Documenting Memories.

Wednesday, October 12, 2011

Vltava Czech & Slovak Grocery, Chicago


Vltava Czech & Slovak Grocery, W Belmont Ave., Chicago

According to its owner, Tomas Votocek, Vltava is the only shop dedicated exclusively to Czech & Slovak goods in Chicago. Mr Votocek bought the store four years ago and transformed it from a Polish grocer’s into an outlet selling Czech & Slovak food, videos, books and ceramics.


Owner Tomas Votocek behind the counter at Vltava

Vltava is located at 7416 W Belmont Avenue in Chicago and open seven days a week. Customers from further afield can order goods through the store’s Czech-language website, which will then be delivered for a shipping fee throughout the United States.


Books on sale at Vltava - featured is a cookbook from 1968 offering readers 'humorous' recipes

The store stocks a number of Czech and Slovak books and magazines. Books sold are a mixture of brand new and second hand. Earlier this week, there were a large number of cookery books in particular on sale.


Goods on sale at Vltava

Owner Tomas Votocek says he works with a local Polish baker to produce bread baked according to a Czech recipe. Mr Votocek buys perishable Czech & Slovak delicacies like šunka v aspiku (ham in aspic), ruské vejce (egg salad) and chlebíčky (open sandwiches) from a local Czech woman who makes them for him specially. The rest of the food is imported from the Czech Republic and Slovakia.


Singer Karel Gott at Vltava (photo courtesy of vltava.us)

At Vltava, customers can also send parcels, flowers or money orders to the Czech Republic or Slovakia, convert videos from European PAL into US NTSC format and even buy tickets for Czech & Slovak cultural events in Chicago. As the image above shows, Vltava acted as a ticket office for Karel Gott’s 2009 American Tour (more photos can be found online at http://www.vltava.us/gott.html).

Look out for video highlights from Recording Voices & Documenting Memories’ interview with Czech-born owner of Vltava Tomas Votocek on the NCSML’s website over the weeks to come.

-Posted by Rosie Johnston

Thursday, October 6, 2011

The Carpatho-Rusyn Heritage Museum in Parma, Ohio


Trophy awarded as first prize at Cleveland Rusin Day, 1923

This is something of a historic blog post now that the Carpatho-Rusyn Heritage Museum is no longer situated in St. John the Baptist Cathedral in Parma, Ohio. Nonetheless, here are a number of photos taken during a visit to the museum in the Spring of 2010 alongside some information about the Carpatho-Rusyns gleaned in the course of that visit. For more on the Carpatho-Rusyn Heritage Museum - which is in the process of relocating - visit the organization’s website and another great resource is the Carpatho-Rusyn Society’s blog.


Interpretation board at the Carpatho-Rusyn Museum, Parma

Entering the museum, visitors are greeted by a description of who exactly the Carpatho-Rusyns are. An extract from the text on the sign pictured above reads:

“Carpatho-Rusyns are linguistically and culturally an East Slavic people who settled along the northern and southern slopes of the Carpathian Mountains. Their homeland is situated in the area where Slovakia, Ukraine, and Poland meet. Aside from those countries, there are smaller numbers of Carpatho-Rusyns in parts of Romania, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Croatia, and Serbia.”


Map and flag from the Carpatho-Rusyn Museum, Parma

The museum’s website describes the institution’s holding as follows:

“The collection of artifacts includes historical costumes, photographs, documents, maps, folk art, needlework, videos, music and recordings, and a library.”

When Recording Voices & Documenting Memories visited the museum there was a special, seasonal, focus on pysanky (kraslice – painted eggs) and traditional foods prepared at Easter time by the Carpatho-Rusyns.


Pysanky (painted eggs) at different stages of completion, Carpatho-Rusyn Museum

The role of museum guide was played by Maryann Sivak, who came to America from Czechoslovakia in 1968 and co-founded the Carpatho-Rusyn Society here a quarter of a century later. In this clip from her interview with Recording Voices & Documenting Memories, she recalls the difficulty authorities had recognizing her Carpatho-Rusyn ethnicity growing up:



For more on Carpatho-Rusyn culture and news on meetings and events taking place here in the United States, visit the links posted above and the Carpatho-Rusyn Society’s website (http://c-rs.org/).

Friday, September 30, 2011

Recording Voices and Documenting Memories in Prague


Prague Castle, 1938 (photo: Thomas Hasler)

In September, the NCSML went to Prague to interview a number of Czech émigrés who returned home following the Velvet Revolution in 1989. The oral history team also took the chance to meet a couple of other Czechs (and indeed Americans) with interesting stories to tell. Watch our web pages for biographies and clips from the interviews over the months to come. Here, however, is a taster of what to expect:

Eva Eisler moved to New York City with her husband and children in 1983. It was there that she became particularly well known for her jewelry design. She moved back to the Czech Republic some twenty years later and now teaches at Prague’s VŠUP (Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design). When Recording Voices & Documenting Memories visited Eva, she was in the process of installing an exhibit of her students’ work entitled Treasure Hunt at the Czech capital’s Rudolfinum Gallery.


Eva Eisler installing an exhibit, Prague, September 2011


Detail from Treasure Hunt exhibit

Gene Deitch is an American animator (born in Chicago in 1924) who describes himself as “the only free American in Prague during 30 years of Communism.” He moved to the Czechoslovak capital in 1959. Gene and his team of animators at Prague’s Barrandov Studios subsequently won an Oscar for their film Munro. Gene spoke to Recording Voices & Documenting Memories about his decision to move and his time in Central Europe at his studio in Prague’s Malá Strana.


Altered passport photo of Gene Deitch

Meda Mládková went to Geneva, Switzerland as a student in 1946 and decided not to return to Czechoslovakia following the Communist coup in 1948. After more than half a decade in Switzerland, she moved to France where she studied art history and married her husband, Jan Mládek. At the beginning of the 1960s, the pair came to Washington, D.C. on account of Jan’s job at the International Monetary Fund. In 2001, Meda (now widowed) opened a gallery on the Prague island of Kampa where the couple’s collection of Communist-era Central European art could be displayed. Meda now spends her time between Prague and Washington, D.C.


Meda Mládková at Kampa Museum, September 2011


Book published by Meda Mládková (née Sokolová) in exile in Geneva, early 1950s

For full biographies and interview highlights, visit the NCSML's oral history web pages over the months to come.

Monday, August 29, 2011

The case for oral history, as made by Leo Tolstoy


Monica Rokus and friends at school in Košice, 1967

Two things that I have been reading recently have caught my eye and shaped the way I think about some of the materials being gathered as part of Recording Voices & Documenting Memories. The first is an extract from Leo Tolstoy’s War and Peace translated by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky. On the capture of Moscow by Napoleonic troops in 1812 Tolstoy writes:

“The stories and descriptions of that time all speak without exception of self-sacrifice… despair, grief and heroism… In reality, it was not like that. It seems so to us only because all we see in the past is the general historical interest of the time, and we do not see all those personal, human interests that the people of that time had. And yet in reality the personal interests of the day are so much more significant than the general interests that as a result the general interests are never felt (or even noticed at all). The majority of the people of that time paid no attention to the general course of things, but were guided only by the personal interests of the day. And those people were the most useful figures of that time.”

Of course Tolstoy is not discussing oral histories and the benefits of interviewing eyewitnesses in this paragraph, but the extract does remind me of another quotation, which is about oral histories in particular, and which conveys something rather similar. In an article entitled Talking about War, historian Edward Coffman writes:

“Meeting and talking with [interviewees] provides a human touch and a richness that one cannot get from paper documents and, in many instances, one can get information that is not available elsewhere.”

One of my favorite clips from all of the oral histories gathered to date is that of Melania Rakytiak recalling the Warsaw Pact invasion as she experienced it in Bratislava in August 1968. I think I find it so interesting because she contrasts information about “the general course of things” – panic buying, queues in shops, food shortages and the requirement of a birth certificate to buy baby milk – with her own “personal interests” throughout the invasion:



In the paragraph I cited above, Leo Tolstoy was not talking about oral history (which was not even a concept until after his death). But he does express one of the strengths of oral history particularly well. It seems to me that speaking to people who witnessed historic events in Czechoslovakia and the United States during the 20th century provides information on both the “general course of things” and “the personal interests of the day.”

-posted by Rosie Johnston

Monday, August 22, 2011

The Czechoslovak Society of Arts & Sciences

The Czechoslovak Society of Arts & Sciences (Společnost pro vědy a umění - SVU) was founded in Washington, DC in 1958. According to the organization’s website, the main goal of the society was ‘to provide a forum for the free development of Czechoslovak culture in exile and make the world aware of Czech and Slovak cultural traditions, which date back more than a millennium.’


SVU Presidents Jan Mladek, Jan Triska, Rene Wellek, Mila Rechcigl, Frantisek Schwarzenberg and Jaroslav Nemec at the 9th SVU World Congress, Cleveland, 1978

The SVU’s first president was Professor Vaclav Hlavaty. The longest-serving head of the organization, however, was Dr. Miloslav (Mila) Rechcigl who led the SVU from 1974-1978 and then again from 1994-2006. Dr. Rechcigl became involved in the organization shortly after its creation; in his interview with Recording Voices & Documenting Memories, he discusses the context in which the SVU was formed:



Today, the SVU has different, expanded functions. The society wants to ‘become a bridge between Czech and Slovak professionals and those in other countries. It allows scholars abroad to benefit from contact with their Czech and Slovak colleagues, as well as helping to reintegrate the intellectual life of these two nations into the main stream of world science, arts and letters, from which they were separated for so long by political barriers.’

One of the ways in which the society attempts to facilitate communication between Czech & Slovak professionals is through its very useful SVU Directory, which lists contacts and brief biographical details for each of the organization’s members:


The well-worn copy of the SVU Directory used by Recording Voices & Documenting Memories

The SVU continues to publish a review entitled Kosmas as well as a number of books. In Washington, DC (where the local SVU chapter continues to be particularly active) an annual Christmas bazaar of Czech & Slovak crafts remains particularly popular. Dagmar White is an SVU member who contributes each year to the Christmas fair; she believes the organization’s purpose is changing:



The SVU is known in particular for its biannual World Congresses (which Dr. Rechcigl has been involved in since the inaugural meeting in 1962). The next World Congress will be held in 2012 in Žilina, Slovakia. For more details, check the SVU’s website over the coming months.

In the course of Recording Voices & Documenting Memories, many people have spoken of their involvement with the SVU. For more on the organization over the years, see Zdenek David, Vera Borkovec and Paul Burik's full-length interviews.

Monday, August 15, 2011

Tramping

Tramping is a Czech and Slovak pastime which has been referred to by a number of interviewees in the course of the NCSML’s oral history project. The activity itself consists of spending time in nature and sleeping rough. Particular types of music and clothing (very often influenced by American, Wild West imagery) accompany the pastime.


Peter Vodenka at the 'Corral OK,' South Bohemia, 1980s

In his interview with Recording Voices & Documenting Memories, Peter Vodenka explains what tramping meant to him growing up in Czechoslovakia in the 1970s and 1980s:



Bob Rychlik also enjoyed tramping in Czechoslovakia in his youth:



Trempové or tramps may be, as Bob Rychlik says, ‘without leaders,’ but they are often loosely organized into osady (tramping colonies). The head of each osada is known as the ‘sheriff.’

Several tramping groups were established by Czechs and Slovaks who emigrated, amongst the most prominent of which was Chicago’s Dálava, headed by Sheriff Eda Vedral:


Eda Vedral in a '35 years of Dálava' t-shirt, Chicago

If you are interested in finding out more about tramping on both sides of the Atlantic then Jan Šikl’s film See you in Denver is an excellent, subtitled resource.